Japanese emperor Akihito ends three-decade reign
http://www.hrlnews.com/2019/04/japanese-emperor-akihito-ends-three.html
Japanese emperor Akihito will end
his three-decade reign on Tuesday, voluntarily stepping down due to
health concerns to make way for his son in the country’s first abdication of the Chrysanthemum Throne since 1817.
His 31-year imperial era known as Heisei, which can be translated as
“achieving peace”, will come to an end with a ceremony attended by about
300 political leaders and dignitaries starting at about 5pm local time
at the Imperial Palace in Tokyo.
The next morning, his son, Crown Prince Naruhito, 59, will ascend the throne in ceremonies also at the palace.
Akihito, 85, helped modernise the world’s oldest hereditary monarchy.
He was the first Japanese emperor to marry a commoner – empress Michiko
– and the first to reign entirely under the US-drafted postwar,
pacifist constitution that made the role strictly symbolic.
His unprecedented apologies for the wartime aggression launched in
the name of his father, Hirohito – posthumously named the emperor Showa –
helped ease often fraught relations with neighbours China and South
Korea, which bore heavy blows from Japan’s militarism. Akihito spoke in
ordinary Japanese, rather than the formal grammar employed by his
father, the last emperor regarded by prevailing custom to be a living
deity.
His Heisei era started in 1989 when Japan was an economic juggernaut,
its companies seemed unstoppable and its products flooded global
markets. But the asset-inflated bubble economy came crashing down from
1991 and about 20 years after that, Japan’s once-impoverished neighbour
China overtook it as the world’s second-largest economy.
Japan became the developed world’s fastest-aging country during his
reign and it managed disasters that included the 1995 earthquake that
devastated the Kobe area and the 2011 earthquake and tsunami that hit
the northeast coast, leaving about 20,000 people dead or missing.
Akihito and his wife Michiko visited survivors at shelters and were seen
by many in Japan as helping a battered nation recover through their
compassion.
With public criticism of the emperor seen as a taboo and his public
words often restricted to carefully prepared texts, Akihito has largely
been shielded from scandal.
Television footage Tuesday morning in Tokyo showed Akihito, dressed
in a traditional imperial outfit, walking in a palace hallway to conduct
a religious ceremony. He his slated to deliver a speech in the evening.
President Donald Trump offered “heartfelt appreciation” to the
imperial couple, saying in a statement that Akihito welcomed five US
presidents to Japan. Trump is scheduled to meet the new emperor during a
state visit later in May.
Japan has set aside some 16.6 billion yen (€130 million) for months
of ceremonies related to the change of emperor, the Nikkei newspaper
reported in December, and extended its “Golden Week” spring holiday to
10 days. There’s been a flood of TV programming taking sentimental
journeys through the Heisei years, counting down its best songs and
recapping its history.
The nattily dressed Akihito has spent the last few weeks of his reign
touring the country with Michiko, waving to crowds and performing
rituals at shrines to symbolically inform his ancestors that he is
stepping down. His health concerns included prostate surgery in 2003 and
heart bypass surgery in 2012.
In 2016, Akihito told the public he may no longer be physically fit
enough to carry out his duties. This set the stage for parliament to
pass a one-time law about a year later allowing abdication, with a
special panel then setting 30 April 2019 as the end of his imperial era.
The last emperor to abdicate was Kokaku, who stepped two centuries ago
down to make way for his son.
In retirement, Akihito will take the title emperor emeritus and move
into a smaller imperial residence with Michiko, who he first met on a
tennis court more than 60 years ago.
But there will be no parade, for now, to welcome the new emperor.
That will come on 22 October, which will also be a national holiday.
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